10 mejores y 10 peores estados para hacer negocios

10 mejores y 10 peores estados para hacer negocios Para losâ hispanosâ que residimos en Estados Unidos es importante conocer cules child los mejores y los peores estados para hacer negocio por una razã ³n muy basic: somos el grupo con el porcentaje ms alto de emprendedores. Y es que 11 de cada 100 tienen un negocio, siendo la presencia latina especialmente striking enâ empresas de limpieza, jardinerã ­a, reformas de viviendas, eventos y negocios que requieren licencias profesionales. Muchos de los negocios child pequeã ±os y en realidad child una forma de autoempleo, particularmente entre los migrantes mexicanos y entre los mexicano-americanos que child dueã ±os de aproximadamente 800 mil negocios de este tipo. Est claro que los negocios child importantes para la comunidad latina, tanto para la ya asentada como para la reciã ©n llegada y eligen esa opciã ³n como los que no tienen otro remedio porque llegan con unaâ visa E-2â que debe ser renovada periã ³dicamenteâ o unaâ green card por inversiã ³n. Por esta razã ³n conviene conocer en cules de los 50 estados de Estados Unidos existe una regulaciã ³n y un clima econã ³mico y empresarial que favorece la creaciã ³n y el crecimiento de los negocios. Por ello este artã ­culo comprende: Lista general de los 10 mejores estados para hacer negociosLista general sobre los 10 estados en los que es ms complicado y dificultoso sacar adelante un negocioY lista de los 5 estados que los empresarios latinos prefieren para desarrollar su thought de negocio, que no siempre match con el listado general. Child muchas las listas que se hacen anualmente sobre los mejores y peores estados para hacer negocio. Aquã ­ seguimos la de Forbes, por su amplitud y metodologã ­a, pero en general puede decirse que feed pocas variaciones entre los diferentes listados. Se han valorado factores como: potencial econã ³mico para el futuro, regulaciã ³n sanitaria y de contrataciã ³n, disponibilidad de trabajadores, calidad de vida, clima econã ³mico y costo para hacer negocios. Los 10 mejores estados para emprender Utah, destacando en potencial de crecimiento (poblaciã ³n: 2,963,000)Carolina del Norte, que sobresale en regulaciã ³n great para los negocios (poblaciã ³n: 9,992,000)Nebraska, tambiã ©n con un excelente clima regulatorio (poblaciã ³n: 1,877,600)Dakota del Norte, con un buen clima econã ³mico, influenciado por los hidrocarburos (poblaciã ³n: 744,600)Colorado, el estado nã ºmero 1 en normas laborales (poblaciã ³n: 5,397,200)Texas, el estado con el mejor clima econã ³mico (poblaciã ³n: 27,187,700)Virginia, el mejor estado desde el punto de vista regulatorio (poblaciã ³n: 8,355,200)Indiana, el mejor despuã ©s de Virginia en regulaciã ³n (poblaciã ³n: 6,608,900)Dakota del Sur. el estado con menor costo para hacer negocios (poblaciã ³n: 856,200)Washington, un estado con excelentes perspectivas de crecimiento (poblaciã ³n: 7,108,400) Los 10 peores estados para hacer negocios En esta lista se empieza con el menos malo de los top 10 para acabar con el que califica como el peor, es decir, Virginia Occidental. Nueva Jersey, sã ³lo en un estado es ms caro hacer negocio (poblaciã ³n: 8,947,700)Vermont, es caro hacer negocios y mucha regulaciã ³n (poblaciã ³n: 626,500)Hawaii, un estado para vivir pero no para hacer negocios (poblaciã ³n: 1,424,900)Alaska, un estado muy caro (poblaciã ³n: 738,000)Rhode Island, sã ³lo califica bien en calidad de vida (poblaciã ³n: 1,056,900)Nuevo Mã ©xico, el estado con civic chairman porcentaje de hispanos (poblacià ³n:2,085,300)Maine, destaca por su lado positivo, la calidad de vida (poblaciã ³n: 1,331,600)Mississippi (poblaciã ³n: 2,995,700)Virginia Occidental, el estado que peor califica en oferta de trabajadores y regulaciã ³n (poblaciã ³n: 1,844,900). Los mejores y los peores para los emprendedores latinos Los empresarios hispanos en Estados Unidos destacan en la creaciã ³n de pequeã ±as empresas e incluso en las que su objetivo es el autoempleo y tienen un à ºnico empleado: el propio emprendedor. Por ello, prefieren estados donde las regulaciones laborales, de salud y de seguridad le sean favorables para sacar adelante su pequeã ±o negocio. Por estas razones, en las encuestas estos child los cinco estados preferidos por los empresarios latinos para hacer negocio: TennesseeOregà ³nUtahPennsylvaniaTexas Curiosamente, tres de los estados con una amplia presencia latina como child California, Nueva York y Florida, no aparecen en ninguna lista entre los mejores para hacer negocios. A tener en cuenta bets de fundar un negocio Los ciudadanos americanos y los residentes permanentes legales podrã ­an tener acceso a subvenciones para negocios, tanto de carcter government como estatal o incluso nearby. Es importante informarse sobre posibles ayudas para prã ©stamos, subvenciones, asistencia nearby y condiciones para calificar para contratar con el gobierno en la pgina oficial del Small Business Administration, que tiene una versiã ³n en espaã ±ol. Adems, tasks los empresarios en potencia debe tener en cuenta que es importante familiarizarse sobre las formas jurã ­dicas que se le puede dar al negocio para crear una empresa. Puede haber diferencias importantes a la hora de pagar impuestos o de protecciã ³n bet la ley.â Asimismo, considerar familiarizarse con el sistema de franquicias si les gustarã ­a lanzarse al mundo del emprendimiento pero no se sienten seguros porque no conocen bien las regulaciones. Y, finalmente, bets de empezar a hacer gastos, conviene realizar si es posible un buen plan de negocios y contabilizar tasks los gastos que puedan surgir, stories como abogado, contable, licencias, alquileres, seguros mã ©dicos, impuestos, derechos de los empleados, salarios mã ­nimos, and so on.

Inhibition of DNA processing in heavy metal carcinogenesis Essay

Restraint of DNA preparing in overwhelming metal carcinogenesis - Essay Example Regardless, in spite of the fact that it has been noticed that some overwhelming metals may restrain SSB (single strand break) rejoining, the impacts on single strand break end-preparing chemicals has never recently been researched. Initial, an examination on the DNA replication because of topo-1 protein will be finished. This will show how topo-1 catalyst is liable for twisting of DNA structures. An image investigation will be incorporated to show proof of the procedure. As referenced before, various overwhelming metals have impacts on the living organism’ DNA. The metals will be examined along with their belongings. This paper additionally investigates restraint of superoxide dismutases. This compound catalysis the dismutation of very receptive superoxide particles to produce hydrogen peroxide and various lines of proof suggest that these proteins have huge impact in the turn of events and furthermore reaction to treatment of malignancies. These are proteins that control under-twisting and over-twisting of DNA. DNA twisting originates from the interlaced idea of its twofold helical structure. For example, during replication of DNA, DNA is overwound before a replication fork. At the point when it isn't controlled, it will in the long run lead to a stop in DNA replication. A comparable procedure is seen during translation. To beat the topological issues coming about because of the twofold helix, topoisomerases will undoubtedly single or twofold abandoned DNA and cut the phosphate spine of the DNA. This unwinds the DNA discharging the DNA spine once more. Since the concoction piece of the DNA continues as before, the unwound DNAs are compound isomers. In this way, topoisomerases are isomerase chemicals which deal with the DNA topology. The N-terminal area is then gone before by a profoundly moderated, 421 amino corrosive center space that contains the entirety of the reactant buildups aside from the dynamic site tyrosine. A protease-touchy and ineffectively rationed linker area

Tips on How to Write a Scholarship Essay

Tips on How to Write a Scholarship Essay Write the Best Essay for Scholarship People rarely consider writing an essay the chance to win money for studying while the sums we are talking about are big. And writing is the skill that you have to develop to succeed. You’re gaining these skills when practicing. So the more you try to write the better the essays will become. New ideas, arguments, appeals to the reader are all necessary not only for winning money but you will also use them in your future profession. There are strict rules that you have to follow to win the scholarship with the essay. If you decide to use your creativity and turn the college scholarship essay into an anecdote or something funny, you will definitely fail. You have to cope with the task and you need to show you can do it the best way possible. The judges compare the essays and pick up the best one. We’ll give you scholarship paper writing prompts below. How to write a good scholarship essay There’s one thing that can spoil your efforts and best intentions to compose a winning paper. It’s time. Yes, if you waste time and postpone completing your assignment, you are sure to fail. That’s why you should never postpone your work. Once you have the task or the question you need to answer, start working on it. What are the other tips on how to write a scholarship essay? Scroll down to see them. Read the instruction Too obvious? We’ll tell you No. Even if you create a real masterpiece and it will look like a painting by Picasso, you will fail if you don’t follow the rules. If you read the instruction once and you don’t understand what you should do, reread it. We recommend you print it out and underline essential points. If you have no scholarship essay format guidelines, it’s better to use the 12 Times New Roman Font with adequate margins on both sides. Mind your reader Try to find out as much as possible about your future judge. The more you know the higher chances you have in case you use the language and the style that this person prefers. Consider your future profession and the hobbies of the reader. Try to say you deserve the essay scholarship for college students more than others and you have to give reasons that the judges will love. Brainstorm the ideas Brilliant thoughts are waiting for the invitation from you to come in your mind. They don’t appear in your mind just in a moment. How to get inspiration? Take a pencil and a piece of paper. Write down the key words from the title and start thinking. Put everything that comes to your mind into paper, reread the list and write down more items. Your mind will provide many variants to choose from. Make an outline An outline is essential for writing a scholarship essay. It will give you a clear picture of how to get to the final point. The outline will make your writing easier and faster. Never underestimate it. What’s an outline? This is a kind of a plan where you not only list the points, but also add some notes. Tell your story It doesn’t mean you have to write the whole book for several people. And you shouldn’t turn your essay into a resume. It may seem a bit complicated, but the judges see hundreds or even thousands essays every year, so you should make them think you can prove you are the best among them. They want to know you better, why you want to get the scholarship. Proofread your essay And do this in a few days after you finish writing the text. Otherwise, your eyes and your mind won’t notice any misspelling or missing coma. How to format a scholarship essay? Your mind should be fresh when reviewing the text for stylistic or pragmatic mistakes. And after you end the proofreading, read the text aloud. Thanks to this you’ll be able to hear weird words or phrases in the text if there are any. Have your paper done If these tips and scholarship essay prompts are too challenging for you to implement, feel free to ask for assistance. Our experts with years of experience are ready to help you with any kind of writing issues. Just give the topic of the essay, name your instructions, and set the deadline. All the rest will be done for you. You will need to monitor the process. Or if it is too challenging for you as well, you can download a complete paper and read it before submitting it.

The Rights And Duties Of A Sovereign Monarch - 1655 Words

By the 1640s the population of Europe was divided in a civil war on the power and rights of monarchs in their countries. Many thought that a sovereign king had absolute power that was bestowed upon them by the will of God and should not be overthrown no matter the condition or injustices they had committed against their people. Others thought that an unjust king is not sovereign and goes against the will of God and must be overthrown in such a situation. During this civil war philosophers, Thomas Hobbes, Jean Bodin, and John Locke wrote articles that covered the rights and duties of a sovereign monarch, why a sovereign monarch is needed and how the rights of the sovereign is absolute. Why is a government needed in order to ensure people within a commonwealth are protected? In this paper, I will argue that the need for a government and a sovereign ruler was to protect people not only from foreign invaders and enemies, but from their own human-ness. â€Å"Two Treatises on Governmentâ €  written by John Locke starts off by referring to paternal power. More closely, what power parents have over their children and which parent has that power. He states that both parents have equal power over their children not just the father. But this power that parents possess over their children in limited, up until they grow up and can govern themselves. In this we see Locke beginning to argue against the fact that â€Å"fatherhood† begets authority. Locke proposes the idea that the paternal authorityShow MoreRelated The State of Nature and its Implications for Civilization in Hobbes and Rousseau1639 Words   |  7 Pagesup certain rights so that the violent nature of the human animal can be subdued. Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s vision of the state of nature parallels that of Hobbes but for its more optimistic tone: â€Å"I assume that men reach a point where the obstacles to their preservation in a state of nature prove greater than the strength that each man has to preserve himself in that state.† In general, Rousseau’s words prove reasonably less severe than Hobbes’s. According to Hobbes the bestial rights that a manRead MoreThe Leviathan Vs. Hobbess Ideal Society910 Words   |  4 PagesLocke’s democracy ruled by the majority, Hobbess ideal society is ruled by a sovereign power that’s only duty is to protect the commonwealth, he says that the sovereign needs absolute authority to ensure the common defense. He uses the example of an artificial person to illustrate the sovereign’s position in this social contract. The Leviathan is made up of the bodies of the commonwealth, and the head is the sovereign, Hobbes uses this monstrous being to constitute the necessity of the LeviathanRead More Comparing Mores Utopia, Machiavellis The Discourses, and Hobbes The Leviathan2608 Words   |  11 PagesRelationship Between the Sovereign and the Subjects in  Mores Utopia, Machiavellis The Discourses, and Hobbes The Leviathan  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Thomas More, Niccolo Machiavelli, and Thomas Hobbes offer models for the relationship between the sovereign and the people in their works Utopia, The Discourses, and The Leviathan. Each argues that ensuring the common good of the people should be the primary goal of the sovereign. However, they differ in the specifics of their descriptions of this relationshipRead MoreAnalysis Of Machiavelli s The Prince 1505 Words   |  7 Pagesto fulfill their right and obligation to preserve their own lives. 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In 1644 Bishop Ross, also known as John Maxwell, publishedRead MoreThe Role and Influences of the Royal Family in Uk Society Today2262 Words   |  10 Pagesmaintain social stability and promoting national unity (royal.gov.uk, 2010).Therefore, the Royal Family not just a general noble family, also is the symbol and representative of the United Kingdom. Basic the British society, this paper research the duties and effects of Monarchy today. Background British Royal Family has long history in the Europe. Throne of England was first built in the ninth century. In the long history, the Monarchy was the most supreme rule in the country until 1688. ThisRead More Denmark s A Prison : Sovereignty, Surveillance And Oppression1211 Words   |  5 Pagesconstant surveillance infringes upon the individual rights of many of the characters, including Hamlet. In the play, the sovereign state, represented by Claudius, places limitations upon the individual subject’s right to exercise their agency by regulating their bodies and actions. Hamlet’s rebellion against his uncle’s oppressive regime positions him as a figure who, by consciously and deliberately rejecting the political demands made by the sovereign state, is able to achieve a greater degree of politicalRead MoreMonarchy Is The Oldest Form Of Government1657 Words   |  7 PagesHead of State (or Sovereign), but the ability to make and pass legislation resides with a n elected Parliament. Although the British Sovereign no longer has a political or executive role, he or she continues to play an important part in the life of the nation. The Monarch also has constitutional and representational duties which have developed over the past one thousand years. In addition to the State duties, The Monarch has a less ornate role as Head of Nation . The Sovereign acts as a centralRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke911 Words   |  4 Pagesare some key distinctions to be made between the arguments Hobbes and Locke make in Leviathan and Second Treatise of Civil Government, respectively. In this paper I will argue the differences between how each of them viewed the right of the subjects to revolt from the sovereign. Thomas Hobbes published his most famous work, Leviathan, during the height of the English Civil War. This was possibly the most violent and chaotic time in all of British history, and is certainly reflected in Hobbes’ writingRead MoreOrder In A Civic Society Is Kept By A Great Many Agents1733 Words   |  7 PagesOrder in a civic society is kept by a great many agents; its political and cultural institutions, popular recognition of a sovereign authority, and security from foreign or domestic attack. Yet, the pursuit of one’s self-interest is not among the most traditionally cited examples. 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Conjugating Spanish Indicative Imperfect Verbs

As one of Spanishs two simple past tenses, the imperfect indicative has a conjugation that is essential to learn. It is the verb form used most often to describe conditions as they existed in the past, to provide background to events, and to describe habitual actions. Using Estudiar as an Example Conjugation As with some other conjugation forms, the imperfect indicative forms are made by removing the infinitive ending of the verb (-ar, -er or -ir) and replacing it with an ending that indicates who is performing the action of the verb. For example, the infinitive form of the verb that means to study is estudiar. Its infinitive ending is -ar, leaving the stem of estudi-. To say I was studying, add -aba to the stem, forming estudiaba. To say you were studying (singular informal), add -abas to the stem, forming estudiabas. Other forms exist for other persons. (Note: In this lesson, the forms was studying, was learning and so on are used to translate the imperfect indicative. Other translations also could be used, such as used to study or even studied. The translation used depends on the context.) The endings are quite different for verbs that end in -er and -ir, but the principle is the same. Remove the infinitive ending, then add the appropriate ending to the remaining stem. List of Conjugations for the Imperfect Tense The following chart shows the conjugations for each of the three infinitive types. The added endings for each verb are indicated in boldface. The pronouns, often not needed in sentences, are included here for clarity. -Ar verbs using lavar  (to clean) as an example: yo lavaba (I was cleaning)tà º lavabas (you were cleaning)à ©l/ella/usted lavaba (he was cleaning, she was cleaning, you were cleaning)nosotros/nosotras lavà ¡bamos (we were cleaning)vosotros/vosotras lavabais (you were cleaning)ellos/ellas/ustedes lavaban (they were cleaning, you were cleaning) -Er verbs using aprender (to learn) as an example: yo aprendà ­a (I was learning)tà º aprendà ­as (you were learning)à ©l/ella/usted aprendà ­a (he was learning, she was learning, you were learning)nosotros/nosotras aprendà ­amos (we were learning)vosotros/vosotras aprendà ­ais (you were learning)ellos/ellas/ustedes aprendà ­an (they were learning, you were learning) -Ir verbs using escribir (to write) as an example: yo escribà ­a (I was writing)tà º escribà ­as (you were writing)à ©l/ella/usted escribà ­a (he was writing, she was writing, you were writing)nosotros/nosotras escribà ­amos (we were writing)vosotros/vosotras escribà ­ais (you were writing)ellos/ellas/ustedes escribà ­an (they were writing, you were writing) As you may notice, the -er and -ir verbs follow the same pattern in the imperfect indicative. Also, the first- and third-person singular forms (the I and he/she/it/you forms) are the same. Thus estudiaba could mean I was studying, he was studying, she was studying or you were studying. If the context doesnt otherwise indicate, a pronoun or subject noun is used before the verb in such cases to indicate who is performing the action. Irregular Verbs Only three verbs (and the verbs derived from them, such as prever) are irregular in the imperfect tense: Ir (to go): yo iba (I was going)tà º ibas (you were going)à ©l/ella/usted iba (he was going, she was going, you were going)nosotros/nosotras à ­bamos (we were going)vosotros/vosotras ibà ¡is (you were going)ellos/ellas/ustedes iban (they were going, you were going) Ser (to be): yo era (I was)tà º eras (you were)à ©l/ella/usted era (he was, she was, you were)nosotros/nosotras à ©ramos (we were)vosotros/vosotras erais (you were)ellos/ellas/ustedes eran (they were, you were) Ver (to see): yo veà ­a (I was seeing)tà º veà ­as (you were seeing)à ©l/ella/usted veà ­a (he was seeing, she was seeing, you were seeing)nosotros/nosotras veà ­amos (we were seeing)vosotros/vosotras veà ­ais (you were seeing)ellos/ellas/ustedes veà ­an (they were seeing, you were seeing) Sample Sentences: Llamà ³ a la policà ­a mientras yo compraba drogas. (She called the police while I was buying drugs.)Asà ­ vestà ­amos hace 100 aà ±os. (This is how we dressed 100 years ago.)Se saturaba el aire con olores. (The air was saturated with odors.) ¿Quà © hacà ­an los famosos antes de convertirse en estrellas? (What did the famous people do before they became stars?)Estaba claro que no querà ­ais otra cosa. (It was clear you didnt want another thing.)  Creo que todos eran inocentes. (I believe all were innocent.)En Buenos Aires comprà ¡bamos los regalos de Navidad. (We bought Christmas gifts in Buenos Aires.)Los indà ­genas vivà ­amos en un estado de infrahumanidad. (We indigenous people lived a state of subhumanity.)

What Does It Mean to Be an Ethical Leader Free Essays

Running Head: CRJ220 Assignment 6 CRJ220 Assignment 6 Thomas Seagle Strayer University What does it mean to be an ethical leader? Obviously, one first has to be sure that one is not personally engaged in unethical and corrupt behaviors. Unfortunately, in many recent examples, leaders cannot pass even this first test. In addition, one has to take responsibility for the larger role responsibilities of a leader position. We will write a custom essay sample on What Does It Mean to Be an Ethical Leader? or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the most distressing aspects of public scandals involving public officials is the discovery that their wrongdoing was often well known to those who should have done something about it, the topic of the â€Å"Quote and Query† box. (Pollock, J. 2010 Ethical Dilemmas and Decisions in Criminal Justice Sixth Edition) Leadership is the position or function of a leader, a person who guides or directs a group. Criminal justice professionals should develop and maintain leadership skills in their professional and personal lives because it’s what they do. To some, they are role models, but to all they are the ones who make and/or carry out the laws. Leadership involves the commitment, dedication, and risk taking attitude of the individual. Some leadership skills that they should obtain is (1) Quick thinking. This means that those working in criminal justice must be of sharp and sound mind, able to adapt to situations quickly and make snap decisions with good judgment. (2) Strong ethical sensibility. You should be ethical, act fairly and always in the best interest of the people. 3) People skills. You need to be able to communicate with others. Communication and people skills are critical in everything from directing traffic to conducting an interview to testifying in court. (4) Knowledgeable of laws. If you work in the criminal field you should be familiar and know the laws of the state and national. Especially officers, they should always be familiar with laws and how to enforce them. (5) Ability to handle stress. Most criminal justi ce jobs, even office jobs, can be emotionally and/or physically demanding. They should maintain these because it’s what can help them and others. Ethics is a system of moral principles. Ethics applies to professional responsibilities. Where do ethics play a role in criminal justice? It would be where the people working the field are not supposed to be corrupt, or dishonest, but are allowed to lie to suspects as an interrogation technique. (Weaver, G. R 2006) A virtue ethics perspective considers the law enforcement character, motivations, and intentions (something we didn’t discuss at all under the other two perspectives). According to virtue ethics, it is important that the individual intends to be a good person and exerts effort to develop him or herself as a moral agent, to associate with others who do the same, and to contribute to creating an organizational context that supports ethical behavior. (Denton 2011) Can anyone argue against the idea that if leaders are honest, ethical, and caring, there is a good chance that those who work for them will also be ethical? If administrators and/or managers are hypocritical, untruthful, and use their positions for personal gain, workers often march in these same footsteps. If the business itself is premised on misleading the consumer and perpetrating fraud to secure higher profits, why should business leaders expect that workers would behave any differently? Trautman (2008) offers the â€Å"Corruption Continuum,† which details how organizations can become corrupt through(1) administrative indifference toward integrity, (2) ignoring obvious ethical problems, and creating a (3) hypocrisy and fear dominated culture, all leading to (4) a survival of  Ã‚  the fittest approach by individual employees (who will commit unethical acts to protect  themselves). In any organization, there are those who will almost always make ethical choices,  those who will usually make unethical ones, and those who can be influenced one way or the other. The best course of action is to reward those in the first group and identify  those in the second group and encourage them to find other employment or at least remove them from temptation. Then organizational leaders must create an atmosphere for  the third group that encourages ethical decision making. This can be done by promoting  ethical administrators, rewarding morally courageous behavior, and providing clear and powerful organizational policies that emphasize worthwhile goals and honest means. (Pollock, J 2010 Ethical Dilemmas and Decisions in Criminal Justice Seven Edition) References Pollock, J. (2010) Ethical Dilemmas and Decisions in Criminal Justice Sixth Edition Retrieved June 3, 2012 Denton (2011) Ethics Leadership in Criminal Justice Retrieved June 3, 2012 from http://www. ppapers. com/essays/Leadership-Skills-For-The-Criminal-Justice/818941 Weaver, G. R (2006) ‘‘Virtue in Organizations: Moral Identity as a Foundation for Moral Retrieved June 3, 2012 from http://media. wiley. com/product_data/excerpt /67/ EH EP 0017 /EHEP001767-2. pdf Pollock, J (2010) Ethical Dilemmas and Decisions in Criminal Justice Seven Edition Retrieved June 3, 2012 from http://www. scribd. com/doc/63772532/Ethical-Dilemmas-and-Decisions-in-Criminal-Justice How to cite What Does It Mean to Be an Ethical Leader?, Essay examples

Theory And Practice Of Change Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Theory And Practice Of Change Management? Answer: Introduction Envato is a retail company where I work as an operation manager, it is involved in selling clothing goods, and it falls under the category of retail good industry. The company is a brand producing fashionable clothing for the consumers of young age group. It is one of the smallest company in Australia involved in the clothing business. The smallest and new venture in the vast retail industry makes it important for the company to maintain a good communication system both externally and internally. This is because the wide spread of the retail industry makes it impossible for the business to communicate with their dealer and investors in the absence of a good communication system. The common communication channel of the company is through traditional phone calls or physically visiting the stores to take the orders and giving the delivery (Perrin 2015). The paper focuses on the changes that are bought in the communication system of the company Envato where I work as an operation manager to modulate their communication channels and make their expansion path much easier. It will further analyze the effect of the change on the employee, on me as I need to manage all the operation work and on the future growth of the organization. The report will also discuss about the way the company managed the change and my learning experience from the change. The change in event in the organization The organization in which I am involved in has to communicate with the dealers, investors and the intermediaries on a daily basis to keep a track on their supply and total number of sale in the market. As I am the operation manager, I have to communicate on the daily basis with the dealers and the retail stores where the products are getting distributed. For this purpose the company maintains a good communication system with their partners that are involved in giving them business. Previously I used to carry out the communication activity with the help of traditional communication tools such as phone calls, mails or physically visiting the franchisee stores to see the sale growth and demand. However, recently the company was facing a problem in its communication system, which was leading to their downfall. There were incidences witnessed by me of increasing loss and cheating by the retailers as some of the sale details was not shown in the data. This forced the company to take up ste ps for improving their communication channel. The company recently introduced a new communication system in their organization to keep a close contact with their dealers and with their other branch offices (Hayes 2014). It introduced their own online portal in which the dealers and the other branches of the organization need to update their data every day. The dealers can now order their products online directly so that the company can keep an easy track of the outgoing and incoming products. The online portal and social media presence of the company is also launched to maintain a good relationship with the customers. It was also done to make my work easier and required me to carry out all the transactions and tracking work through the online channels (Hutter et al. 2013). Effect of the change According to my knowledge the change brought about by the company in their communication system both with the consumers and with their employees and franchisee, partners helped me to maintain a quality data about the dealers and daily orders made. However, at first I faced a lot of challenges in using the online channel and this reduced the motivation in me to work for the company. Even though it was done to make my work easy, it did not seem easy to me at first. It made me feel that the complications has increased further and it might create more mistake. This was because I was not aware of the usage of online channels and the strength the social media hold with the customers. However, the effect of these changes was negative initially on me and my co-employees of the company. This is because I needed some time to adjust with such changes. I found difficulty in being acquainted with the online channels of communication such as chat, emailing and running the portal effectively. This is because I was so well acquainted with the traditional method and due to lack of training; I did not know the way of using the online channel and thus failed to take the right advantage of it. Some of the employees also left the organization because of this reason as they were also feeling left out with the new online communication tool. Thus, the companys aim to improve their marketing approach and customer relationship with these online communication tools has also prove to be detrimental because of the unsupportive employees. On the other hand, slowly we noticed that with the introduction of these communicating channels, the data maintenance of the business improved and error has reduced largely. Moreover, customers can now recognize the company in a better way as they could view the products of the company on their online website before ordering it. This helped to increase the customer retention ability and customer attraction ability of the company. My thinking about the change According to me, the change that has been introduced in the company has both positive and negative effect. The negative effect is discouragement caused in me and the mployees to work after the introduction of the online communication channels because the employees were finding it difficult to deal with these channels due to lack of training. We failed to understand the long-term effect of this change in the organization and on the pattern of their work. On the other hand, we also experienced that the company also gained some positive effect from the change in their communication channel as it helped us to reach to the customers and dealers easily and effective maintenance of the data. Further, through social media channel the company was able to spread its media presence in the market. This further helped the company to increase their customer recognition and customer retention power. Thus, according to me the change was appropriate for the company because it facilitated my work to m aintain data and also for the positive effect on the customers (Best et al. 2014). However, the company needed to plan something to incorporate change in a systematic manner in order to stop putting negative effect on me and company partners. Method of managing the change Change is never ending factor when it comes to a new organization like Envato as the company goes on incorporating change in the company every now and then for the better growth of the company. However, the change had to be done on a systematic manner in order to reduce its negative effect on the company as well as other. Noticing the effect of the change I advised the senior managers and CEO of the company on starting with the change with proper planning. Planning is the initial step in which the company needs to structure out the change and the person to be involved in the change. It also allows the company to realize the persons to be affected by these changes and the result of such an effect. Second I asked them to involve every one of us of the organization in the discussion meeting to discuss the need of the change and the perception they keep about the importance of such a change. This will make them feel secure and help the company to know the problem they might face after th e change (Belias and Koustelios 2014). On my advice the company arranged for training classes for the employees to get acquainted with the new system of communication that the company wants to bring in their organization and to motivate them to use the new system. This further helped us easily deal with the online communication channels and complexity and increase their employee retention capability. Application of theories Change is of various kinds such as transformational change, environmental change and incremental change. However, each of the change has different meaning and application in the organization. The change experienced by me in Envato includes both transformational change and environmental change. This is because the alteration in the communication channel of the company had an effect on the external environment such as the customers, dealers and others and also on the internal environment. The transformational change that is being caused by the communicational change affected the values and culture of the organization as well. Thus, along with the communicational change the company considered other changes as well and on my advice tried to manage it. Thus, it required multiple levels of decisions to be taken by the authorities on this ground. The best way of managing the change was to move systematically such as unfreezing the state bringing the change and refreezing the change state. T he company unfreeze the past communication channel by reducing the use of traditional communication method. Change was bought by incorporating the communication channel like social media presence, online site and other (Worley and Mohrman 2014). Lastly, it refreeze the change by making use of the online communication channel on the day-to-day basis. This is the way the company easily formulated transformational change in the organization. My learning from the change I have been able to learn a lot from the change by analyzing various challenges and opportunities it puts on the organization. By analyzing various concepts and theories of change, I got to know the difference between various types of change bought in the organization such as external and internal changes and the way the organization can deal with it. Moreover, I also got to know the challenges a company can face by bringing a sudden change in the organizational system such as grievances form the employees, external partners and others. Due to raise of such grievances I also learnt about the ways n which a company can manage the change. The change management techniques that I learnt from the organization I work in are that the company should first approach its employees before bringing any change. This will allow the company to know the challenges the employee can face, the thinking of the employees about the change and the way it can start bringing those changes. This will increase the trust of the employees for the organization. Lastly, it should also important that the company effectively convey the message about the change to the customers so that they can make maximum use of it. Thus, I learnt that in this way a change could be successful for an organization both internally and externally. Conclusion From the above analysis, it can be concluded that for the company to bring about a change in its organization and to make it successful it needs to take u various steps. The steps to be taken involve planning, discussion and implementation. The failure of Envato to adopt these steps at the initial stage of communicational change in their organization leads to various drawbacks. Thus, a proper method of unfreezing, bringing change and refreezing needs to be followed by the company. However, Envato was able to acquire a lot of positive impact as well by adopting modern means of communication in its organization. The main benefit was the increasing customer traffic and retention of customers due to increased brand recognition. Thus, change management can reduce the negative effect and allow only the positive effect if deal in a proper manner. References Belias, D. and Koustelios, A., 2014. The impact of leadership and change management strategy on organizational culture.European Scientific Journal, ESJ,10(7). Best, P., Manktelow, R. and Taylor, B., 2014. Online communication, social media and adolescent wellbeing: A systematic narrative review.Children and Youth Services Review,41, pp.27-36. Hayes, J., 2014.The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Hutter, K., Hautz, J., Dennhardt, S. and Fller, J., 2013. The impact of user interactions in social media on brand awareness and purchase intention: the case of MINI on Facebook.Journal of Product Brand Management,22(5/6), pp.342-351. Perrin, A., 2015. Social media usage.Pew Research Center. Worley, C.G. and Mohrman, S.A., 2014. Is change management obsolete?.Organizational Dynamics,43(3), pp.214-22 Theory and Practice of Change Management – MyAssignmenthelp.com Question: Discuss about the Theory and Practice of Change Management. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this essay is to explore the most important issues related to strategic human resource management. This has been regarded as one of the most important issues in the shaping of the organizations in the best ways. Qantas Airlines has been chosen as the company to be focused on. They have spent a lot of time in developing their corporate strategies. The various ways in which the Qantas Airways is trying to gain the competitive advantage over their competitors will be discussed in this essay (McGrath, 2013). They have to set the new targets in front of them so they can achieve them and be the unparallel one. They have to focus on the workplace culture as well. The HR strategies of this organization will be highlighted in this essay in order to find out the challenges they have been facing. As the HT strategies are very important, they will have to be discussed and the ways they can achieve the organizational success would be discussed here as well. It is very important to incorporate the HR strategies in the strategic plan of the organization. Qantas Airlines has always catered for the benefits and advantages of the customers in all the ways. They have adopted some of the strategic approaches by which they can achieve the organizational objectives in the best ways (Briscoe, Tarique Schuler, 2012). This organization is considered to be the largest airline in Australia. The Human Resource Department of the organization looks after all the major issues in the organization like the employee recruitment and selection, employee remuneration, employee development and the other important issues (Kehoe Wright, 2013). The HR managers also adopt the certain strategies by which the organizations can develop themselves and compete with their rivals. They work in a very competitive industry so they need to provide their employees with the best kind of training and provisions for achieving the objectives of the organization (Briscoe, Tariqu e Schuler, 2012). The strategic plans that Qantas had taken in terms of their HR policies are to cut the costs of different segments in the organization. They have also focused themselves on decreasing the labor costs that could help the better productivity in the organizations (Briscoe, Tarique Schuler, 2012). The HR management looks after the moderating policies of the wages to cut down the costs. They wanted to build up a flexible and highly motivated workforce that could be essential to meet the requirements of their customers. The organizational structures should also be made flexible as well for the benefit of the organizations. Some of the ways in which the labor costs could be decreased are the reduction of the salaries and wages and strike off the costly practices within the organization (Briscoe, Tarique Schuler, 2012). The experts have said that these types of problems for the organization have been very much recurrent. This will ruin the reputation of the organization (Qantas.com.au, 201 8). The Qantas airlines have faced many challenges in their internal and external business environments. This is why they had to make several challenges in the entire system so they could eliminate all the challenges (Van De Voorde, Paauwe Van Veldhoven, 2012). The factors that propagated these changes were the need for gaining more profit. The company had to maintain the hierarchical structure that it followed along with the autocratic leadership (Bhatti et al., 2012). Sometimes the employees have been deprived of several facilities. The organization has posed some strict rules that have been very problematic for the organization (Van De Voorde, Paauwe Van Veldhoven, 2012). The training process of the organization went through a thorough change in the year 2003. The HR management of Qantas had expanded the apprenticeship program of the company. The learning and training process had to be reinvented to have the best results. As training and recruitment are very important for the organi zation, Qantas is trying very hard to implement these issues into their strategic plan (Shields et al., 2015). Rationale for the workforce related strategies in the HR The Qantas Airlines have adopted some strategies by which they can motivate the workforce. This will enhance the performance of the organizations and employees in the best ways. They have looked to strengthen their workforce in the best possible ways (Qantas.com.au, 2018). The workforce planning has been very efficient and they have been trying to implement the best strategies. Thus they will be able to get the best results if their employees perform at their best. They have always wanted to provide the employees with a fair recruiting process that will make the recruiting process a transparent one. They focus on the selection, sourcing and appointment of the best candidates into their organization according to their merits. They like to develop the skills of the people as it is needed. The managing process of the candidates has to be done properly. They want to make sure that the new employees can get onboard very quickly and smoothly (Qantas.com.au, 2018). The HR management is always keen on the fact that they have to create a work environment that could be competitive but the employees would feel secure to work in it (Shaw, Park Kim, 2013). They provide the best environment so the people can feel excited to complete their works. The performance of both the individuals and managers has to be managed so they can meet the requirements and improve their performance (Shields et al., 2015). The HR management of Qantas has always stressed on improving the personal and professional development of the employees (Qantas.com.au, 2018). The employees who possess proper talent are supported by the HR managers properly for their learning and development (Harrison, 2012). The HR managers also give the employees proper opportunities for their betterment (Qantas.com.au, 2018). The workforce related priority for the HR The HR department of Qantas airlines always wants to provide their employees with the best opportunities and facilities so they could retain the talents (Jackson, Schuler Jiang, 2014). Their soul interest is to develop and maintain the talents within their organization as the business industry in which they operate is very much competitive. They always want to build a proper workforce that could lead up to the expectations of the organization. They always prioritize on providing the stakeholders the best options for their investments (Brewster, 2017). They give security to their employees in the best ways. Many employees suffer from several issues in the workplace. The employees who face these issues should always bring them in front of the HR management (Hendry, 2012). The issues like the interpersonal conflicts among the employees, the misbehaviors among them and the results of the internal recruitment procedures. If any employee breaches the legal policies or the guidelines the H R department takes strict actions against them instantly (Cascio, 2018). The Whistleblower policy has been seen as one of the best policies in the Qantas airlines (Qantas.com.au, 2018) Many issues and challenges have been seen in the HR management of the Qantas airlines despite the success of their job design and change management (Qantas.com.au, 2018). In spite of the cutting the labor costs to increase the productivity, they have failed to design an effective change management that should have been non-biased (Jiang et al., 2012). Some important things have been seen in the context of Qantas that the organization is not paying the workers proper salaries and they have gone for strikes for that as well (Qantas.com.au, 2018) Qantas should have ensured the proper remuneration of the employees that is very well justified. This is why it is very much disgraceful that a famous and well reputed organization like Qantas has not been able to pay their employees properly. This has been registered as a very challenging issue indeed (Bratton Gold, 2017). Ways to implement best HR practices in the organization After going through these several challenges in the organization like Qantas, they should implement some strategies so they can get back their lost reputation in the industry. As the company is suffering financially, the HR managers need to draw up a plan to bring back the sustainability in the business. They need to arrange one to one interviews with the employees who are very much displeased with the payment implications. The payment issues should be resolved by implementing some long-term strategies to get financial benefits (Qantas.com.au, 2018). The skill gaps in the organization should be covered. They should redesign their training and communication models properly so the employees can perform properly. Qantas has recently taken up the market oriented approach that has hampered their employee engagement. This is why the organization should take up the employee oriented approach and implement the strategies properly. These are the ways of reviving the lost reputation (Truss, Ma nkin Kelliher, 2012). They should invest their money on the pilot candidates. They should also stress on the innovation, creativity, safety of the passengers and more productivity. Thus the organization can regain their spot in the industry (Buller, McEvoy, 2012). If Qantas can develop these HR plans with success and implement them properly they can surely develop their place in the industry. As one of their main issues is the paying the wages to the staffs, they should be able to make the proper arrangements for the overstaffing. Then they can pay the wages to the best employees only (Lashley, 2012). The HR strategies should always be able to ensure that Qantas is always responds to the necessities of change (Dwertmann Kunz, 2012). The HR strategies of Qantas should unite all the perspectives of the managers in the way that they can address the challenges in the best ways. Qantas shall put these different issues like the retaining the talents in the workforce for a better future for the organization (Qantas.com.au, 2018) Conclusion This essay can be concluded by saying that Qantas has taken up some good HR strategies that could lead the organization to enhancement but their poor implementation power has ruined their strategies. The workforce related strategies of the Qantas airlines have been discussed in this essay and the challenges and issues have been highlighted. The proper recommendations have been provided on how the HR practices could be improved. Thus they can enhance their business performance and provide the best facilities to their employees. References Bhatti, N., Maitlo, G. M., Shaikh, N., Hashmi, M. A., Shaikh, F. M. (2012). The impact of autocratic and democratic leadership style on job satisfaction.International Business Research,5(2), 192. Bratton, J., Gold, J. (2017).Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave. Brewster, C. (2017). The integration of human resource management and corporate strategy. InPolicy and practice in European human resource management(pp. 22-35). Routledge. Briscoe, D., Tarique, I., Schuler, R. (2012).International human resource management: Policies and practices for multinational enterprises. Routledge. Buller, P. F., McEvoy, G. M. (2012). Strategy, human resource management and performance: Sharpening line of sight.Human resource management review,22(1), 43-56. Cascio, W. (2018).Managing human resources. McGraw-Hill Education. Dwertmann, D. J., Kunz, J. J. (2012). HR strategies for balanced growth. InBalanced Growth(pp. 137-161). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Harrison, R. (2012).Employee development. Universities Press. Hayes, J. (2014).The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Hendry, C. (2012).Human resource management. Routledge. Jackson, S. E., Schuler, R. S., Jiang, K. (2014). An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), 1-56. Jackson, S. E., Schuler, R. S., Jiang, K. (2014). An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), 1-56. Jiang, K., Lepak, D. P., Hu, J., Baer, J. C. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms.Academy of management Journal,55(6), 1264-1294. Kehoe, R. R., Wright, P. M. (2013). The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors.Journal of management,39(2), 366-391. Lashley, C. (2012).Empowerment: HR strategies for service excellence. Routledge. McGrath, R. G. (2013).The end of competitive advantage: How to keep your strategy moving as fast as your business. Harvard Business Review Press. Qantas.com.au. (2018).Qantas.com.au. Retrieved 19 April 2018, from https://www.qantas.com.au/infodetail/about/corporateGovernance/BusinessPracticesDocument.pdf?adobe_mc=MCMID%3D38686179153957551890609069398380585881%7CMCORGID%3D11B20CF953F3626B0A490D44%2540AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1515378669 Shaw, J. D., Park, T. Y., Kim, E. (2013). A resource?based perspective on human capital losses, HRM investments, and organizational performance.Strategic management journal,34(5), 572-589. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., ... Plimmer, G. (2015).Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Truss, C., Mankin, D., Kelliher, C. (2012).Strategic human resource management. Oxford University Press. Van De Voorde, K., Paauwe, J., Van Veldhoven, M. (2012). Employee well?being and the HRMorganizational performance relationship: a review of quantitative studies.International Journal of Management Reviews,14(4), 391-407.

The Aging Population

Introduction There has been a general trend of increase in the life expectancy of the population of many countries. This has been brought about by the governments taking measures to improve the quality of healthcare. Diseases which used to kill people in large numbers are now much more reduced; thus, the reduced mortality may be a factor that contributes to the increase in the proportion of the aged group.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Aging Population specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, there has also been reduced fertility of the people who live in most developed countries. Though in most developing countries the fertility rate is still high, these countries are expected to experience reduced fertility rates gradually until they reach a point where most of the population will comprise of mainly the aged. Improvement in the healthcare systems of developing nations also leads to reduced mortality, the reby making the aged to comprise a sizeable population of the nations. However, increase in the aged population creates many economic and social conditions which government must be able to anticipate and devise mechanisms to help solve the issues. Challenges posed by an aging population The aging population poses many different challenges. Here we discuss the challenges posed by an aging population with four perspectives in mind. Impacts on labour Impacts on healthcare Impacts on government spending Impacts on labour The increase in the proportion of the people who are old leads to a decrease of the number of people who are within the working age. This greatly affects the labour market of the concerned countries. Generally, the working age is approximately 15-64 years; and as the ratio of the aged population increases, the number of people who are retiring increases. However, the number of people who join employment to fill the vacancy left by the retired people is less than the n umber of people who have left employment. This decline is due to the low fertility rates of the population (Groshen and Kliitgaard, 2002, p 2). This leads to a reduction of the workforce which is available to for economic development. Another important dimension to the problem is the fact that since most of the workforce is occupied by the aged leads to reduced output. This reduced output of the workers ultimately leads to reduced economic growth Impacts on government spending The aged population does not normally work for the government; they mainly depend on the social services provided by the government. These social services provided by the government are mainly the social security services and pension schemes as well as medical insurance cover targeting mainly the old population.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The pension given to the old is normally funded by the people w ho are in active employment; that is, the contribution that the working population makes to the scheme is used to pay the benefits of the retired people, a system known as the Pay-As-You-Go (PAYG). Therefore, reduction in the number of people who join employment leads to a reduction in the funds available to cater for pension fund payments. Given that the proportion of people who are leaving employment through retirement is expected to increase greatly especially when the population which was born during the baby boom (1946-1964) reaches the retirement age (Zaidi, 2008, p 7), the government would be forced to look for funds from alternative sources. Therefore, the increased ageing increases the number of people who depend on the government to cater for expenses. Medical insurance provided for the old is mainly categorized into two groups; Medicare and Medicaid. Medicare is specifically designed to help the provision of healthcare to people who are 65 years and above, and covers the cost of in-patient healthcare. Medicaid covers medical expenses of the poor regardless of whether they are aged or not. It mainly covers for long-term and severe ailments of them. However, the main burden of the government due to Medicaid is the fact that most of the citizens in the middle-class do not have a sizeable saving to protect them from any health eventuality when they are old. These people will use all their assets in case of any eventuality, making them to qualify for Medicaid and leading them to be admitted into nursing homes. However the increase in the cost of social insurance for the aged specifically medicare an medicaid has attracted so much political debate with the government being urged to curtail the increase so as to reduce the financial burden of the policies. Impact of an aging population on healthcare The aged people are usually faced with many ailments due to reduced ability of the body to fight against certain diseases. The diseases of old age are mainly d ue to the physiological and psychological changes which have occurred over time. These diseases include depression and certain types of cancer, among others; therefore, these people will occupy more bed space in hospitals. In addition, the aged population requires specialized care and hence more attention to be provided by the nurse or doctor. Increase in the population of this people will therefore demand the deployment of more doctors and nurses in the hospitals; however, some of the aged people can be taken care of in nursing homes for the elderly. But due to the shortage of nursing homes, these people end up being hospitalized; leading to overstretching of the available facilities (Willis, 2008, p 26) .This increases the government spending on healthcare issues if it does not take appropriate measures.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Aging Population specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nevertheless, increas e in the government spending in order to meet financial obligation posed by the increased aged population will lead to increased government debt if the government does not take effective measures to avert the problem. Government measures In order to address the problem of reduced workforce due to an aging population, most governments enacted policies which encourage people to work longer. This measure will help in increasing the number of people who retire late and thereby help in reducing the government’s financial obligations towards the old (Groshen and Kliitgaard 2002 p 3). Moreover, increased dependency also makes the government to increase taxes so as to cater for its financial obligations towards the old. The government has set up measures to ensure that the aged continue to enjoy quality lifestyles even after retirement. These measures include setting up Medicaid, Medicare, Disability, Welfare and Supplemental Security Income. Due to the extra financial burden of meet ing the cost of social security of people, the government has proposed an increase in the age that the social security fund can be fully accessed. This reduces the term that a person will receive the benefits, thereby reducing the money that the government spends on social security (Aaron and Orszag, n.d). Most governments have devised methods to reduce the money paid to the old as social security. This may be in the form of changing the methods used to increase the social security of the old so as to protect them from the effects of inflation. Some governments have also increased the retirement age so that people work longer, hence reducing the dependency on the government’s social welfare services. The governments have also devised methods of improving the fertility rates so as to counter the challenge of reduced labour force posed by increase in old age population. The government does so in various ways; for instance, the government may give cash bonuses to encourage peopl e to have more children, as well as encouraging immigration. These immigrants should be young than the mean age of the current population, who will be able to enhance the existing workforce (Foot, 2008, p 3). Benefits of an aging population Despite the fact that the aging population poses real economic problems to the government, the impacts of an aging population are somehow exaggerated. The aging population may indeed be of benefit to the government if government is able to cope properly with the problems and put appropriate measures.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The older generation who are richer than the rest of the community can get involved in community voluntary activities hence helping in improving the quality of life of the society. In addition, older generation people are also more law abiding than the young people; therefore, the increase in the population will lead to reduced crime as the older generation does not get involved in crime per se (Quadagno, 2010) Due to the fact that an older generation leads to general reduction in population, the presence of a large proportion helps to combat high population growth and hence reduce the effects of uncontrolled population growth. There will be a reduction in the problems of poor housing due to overcrowding as the aged population will be able to afford decent housing. This will have reduced impact of the problems that overcrowding causes on the environment. Moreover the aged population is also likely to get involved in voluntary activities some of which may be of benefit to the environ ment (Quadagno, 2010) Lack of enough manpower in the labour market is also likely to lead to a reduction in the levels of unemployment and hence reduces the problems associated with unemployment. These include the reduction of poverty levels and crime associated with unemployed population. The increase in the aged population may also lead to reduced government spending on education, a major expense of that the government always foots (Quadagno, 2010). Conclusion The economic recession made governments to think of ways to cut back on their spending pattern. Therefore, since increase in ageing population increases the financial burden of the government, the government must devise appropriate mechanisms to deal with the problem. Moreover, if the government properly understands the problems, it can be able to turn around the phenomenon so that it may be of more benefit to the whole nation. This is mainly through the enactment of proper legislation to help cope with the risks posed by th e problems. Moreover, the most effective way of combating the problem would be through the gradual increase in the retirement age of the workforce to cope with the problem. References Aaron, H. J. and Orszag, P. R. (N.d). The impact of an aging population. Web. Foot, D. K. (2008). Some economic and social consequences of population ageing. Web. Groshen, L. E. and Kliitgaard, T. (2002). Live long and prosper: challenges ahead for an aging population. Current issues in economics and finance, Vol. 8, No. 2. Web. Quadagno, J. (2011). Aging and the life course: An introduction to social gerontology. Boston: MA: McGraw-Hill. Willis, E. and Reynolds, L. (2008). Understanding the Australian Health Care System. NSW: Elsevier. Zaidi, A. (2008). Features and challenges of population ageing: the European perspective. Web. This essay on The Aging Population was written and submitted by user Giancarlo Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tecno and R&B essays

Tecno and R&B essays Music has always held a special place in m heart. Everything from R Every morning I am getting ready for school or work, I have the heart-pounding bass of Techno blaring out of the speakers of my computer. Whether or not it is DJ Sammy and Do teaming together to form the unbelievably sweet, but loud song titled Heaven or it is DJ Encore with his song I See Through to You, it wakes me up and prepares me for the day that lies ahead. Most Techno songs are instrumental, but the ones that have lyrics are somewhat romantic in its own way. For instance, Gigi DAgostino did a superb job when he released the single Ill Fly with you. Not only did he do a wonderful job bringing all of the sounds together, but he did an excellent job with the lyrics as well. Ill Fly with You is a song about a couple that wants to grow to love each other despite what one or the other has done in their life. Another example of an upbeat love son is Heaven by DJ Sammy, Do, and Yanou. Bryan Adams originally wrote Heaven. DJ Sammy, a well-known dick jockey from Spain, teamed up with Yanou to mix the music for the ...

Price Waterhouse Coopers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Price Waterhouse Coopers - Essay Example It is also the perspective that individuals view their organization and its environment (Baligh 7-10). The objectives of the organization determine the different ways in which an organization can be structured (Fenez 4-6). PwC organization structure is structured in a way to determine the mode in which it operates and performs. Its organization structure lets this enormous company to express the allocation of the responsibilities for different functions and processes to different entities, which involve the branch,  department,  workgroup,  and individual (Fenez 4). The following structures show the organization structure of the company depending with country. ... erience Senior partner China & Hong Kong Senior partner Germany Senior partner United Kingdom Senior partner United States Director Technology Although success has prevailed failure in PWC, the company has in several occasions been on the lime light for its actions. For instance in 1990, Internal Revenue Service seized most of the assets of Willie Nelson who they claimed that he owned $32 million in back taxes. However, this was not the case since these were disallowable by IRS and on suing PWC Willie got a fat sum for damages. Nevertheless, PWC is one firm that provides services to like Academy of Motion Pictures arts and Sciences, which makes it the tabulator and certifier of votes for the Academy awards since 1934. An article Over Cutting Corporation Tax Rate by BBC, on 8 August 2011, quotes the PwC Company explaining the various implications of cutting Scotland’s rate of corporation tax being highly complex. The article features PwC Company giving the advisory role to the government and the entities involved. In this article, the company examines the various effects of cuts in Northern Ireland where a new rate of just 12.5% was proposed (BBC News). The comments by PwC followed similar comments echoed by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), which argued that matching Northern Ireland's proposals could cost Scottish taxpayers about ?2.6bn a year a claim that was dismissed by the Scottish government. PwC mission statements and ideas were well communicated. The role communicated in this case was to give a sense of direction on where the country was headed to after it adjusted its corporation tax. The mission of the PwC Company is to provide intellectual expertise to the various agencies and individuals who need it (BBC News). In a second article by BBC News Company dated

Training and Development (7) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Training and Development (7) - Assignment Example The career development model would set specific target for employees, and therefore employees may be eager to achieve their targets as fast as possible. In order to gain better career achievements, employees necessarily need to develop improved skills and capabilities. Hence, effective career management would encourage employees to actively participate in development activities. In short, career development model would greatly assist organizations to implement their training programs and development activities successfully. Benefits of Career Development to Companies Generally, companies are very interested in helping employees to plan their career because this strategy benefits firms to achieve their short term as well as long term objectives successfully. As discussed earlier, the career development model would assist companies to keep its employees motivated (career motivation) and this situation in turn may assist organizations to reduce issues like absenteeism and staff turnover to a great extent. As Lindner (1998) points out, motivated employees would be more productive relative to others and hence an organization can improve its profitability by helping employees plan their career. Another benefit of this policy is that it would assist companies to minimize worksite conflicts to a large extent, because motivated employees will always try to contribute to team efforts. However, companies also face some challenges while helping employees to plan their career. First, organizations need to raise additional funds to finance the career development program. Secondly, a firm’s top management has to spend a considerable amount of time to operate the career development model. Components of Career Motivation Career resilience, career insight, and career identity are the three components of career motivation. Career resilience can be simply defined as the extent to which employees are capable of managing the problems that affect the efficiency of their work. â€Å"Career insight involves (1) how much employees know about their interests and their skill strengths and weaknesses and (2) their awareness of how these perceptions relate to their career goals† (Chapter 11). Finally, career identity refers to the extent to which employees are able to define their personal values in accordance with their nature of work. Career resilience is identified to be the most important component of career motivation whereas career insight appears to be the least important component. The level of career resilience is an important determinant of an employee’s commitment to the company. Hence, an employee with high level of career resilience can easily deal with his/her worksite problems and thereby contribute to the firm’s overall productivity. In contrast, an employee’s career insight does not directly influence the company’s operational efficiency as this component specifically relates to the employee’s career go als. Psychological Contract A psychological contract can be defined as â€Å"the expectations that employers and employees have about each other† (Chapter 11). The psychological contract reflects the view that the organization would provide long term employment and development opportunities to its employees if they stay with the company and maintain high level job performance. Pay increases and promotion may be the major

Electoral Reform In Britain

Electoral Reform In Britain Electoral reform in britain was initiated by the reform act of 1867 and consequently first past the post was chosen as the best solution. This essay is trying to establish whether this voting system is still fit-for-purpose and whether there is a chance that it may be changed to a more proportional electoral system. It defines purposes and foundations of the existing voting system and tries to deduce how it works in reality. To do so it assess levels of third party support, their seats in the parliament and the general bias of the electoral system. Based on these explanations it focuses on the reasons for and against change, especially from the point of view of the conservatives and labour, and concludes that although reform is possible it is very unlikely to happen in the short-term. Is the UKs First Past the Post electoral system still fit-for-purpose and is there much chance it will be changed, if not in the short-term, in the medium- to long-term? First Past the Post (FPTP) or simple plurality, as this alternative name suggests, is one of the simplest and earliest mechanisms for voting and is widely adopted around the world including the largest democracies, India and the USA (Sberg Shugart, 2008, p. 7). In the UK, it came about from amalgamation of different mixed voting systems in 1866 and was adopted for all constituencies in the Reform Act of 1884 (Ahmed, 2010, pp. 1069-1074). This essay examines whether the First Past the Post (FPTP) electoral system is suitable for Britains current political environment and whether there is a chance of reform in the future. In particular, it focuses on successes and failures of FPTP and contrasts it with the functions and foundations of elections. It then considers the debate in Britain about electoral reform, a debate that looks set to be put to the political archives once again after the Alternative Vote (AV) referendum in 2011. Finally, it argues that although FPTP has particular shortcomings in handling third party votes and is biased against the Conservatives; in the presence of political will, electoral reform is only likely to take place in the long-term. This author tries to define fit-for-purpose from the foundations of FPTP rather than based on democratic ideals such as fairness and proportionality. As far as this essay is concerned, the purpose of an electoral system is to elect Members of Parliament (MPs) and in turn, the government and not proportional representation, as the latter is one of many functions that any electoral system may perform. To assess whether FPTP electoral system is fit-for-purpose, effects of it on the membership of the House of Commons should first be examined. The desirability of these effects or absence of some desired outcomes of a preferred electoral system would therefore define the need for reform. Firstly, defining the function of General elections would help to decide whether reform is indeed necessary. The arguments could broadly be divided into two opposing ideas: one that seeks to make the parliament a fully representative body of public opinion and the other that puts the emphasis on the ability of the electorate to determine the next government. The former prefers to leave government formation in the hands of the negotiating parties after the elections and the latter is willing to sacrifice proportionality to provide the electorate with this choice. This latter argument is one that has promoted FPTP and a system of single-party government, giving the choice between the governing party and the opposition to the electorate by using an electoral system that more or less guarantees an overall majority to whichever party comes first in votes (Curtice, 2010, pp. 624-626). This, in other words, facilitates a system where two largest parties alternate between government and oppo sition, the system that has mostly governed Britain in the post-war era. There seems to be a desire to keep with this latter function, both historically and at present, whilst attempting to add a degree of proportionality (Ahmed, 2010, pp. 1072-1074; Jenkins Commission, 1998, 9). Whether FPTP is fit for purpose or otherwise depends solely on what is expected from it, and how far these expectations are met. Curtice (2010, p. 625) identifies four crucial foundations to the argument expanded in the previous paragraph based on Duvergers Law and cube law. The former states that FPTP favours a two-party system, making life difficult for third parties ; the latter tries to formulate how FPTP can discriminate against the second party by disproportionate awarding of seats to the party that has won the elections even if by a very narrow margin (Cox, 1997, pp. 13-15, 72-74). Curtice (2010, p. 625; 1986, pp. 210-211) argues that a simple majority electoral system hinders support for third parties by discouraging voters and awarding those parties with smaller proportions of seats; allocates more seats to the winning party to facilitate a majority government; and at the same time awards this majority without bias to the two largest parties in different elections. These are features of an ideal electoral system in Britain conducted under the rules of FPTP. The question is whether influence of other parameters have changed the outcome of the elections to circumvent results predicted by Duvergers Law and cube law (Curtice, 2010, pp. 624-626; Curtice Steed, 1986, pp. 209-213; Jenkins Commission, 1998, 3.19-3.32). Let us first consider the effects of FPTP on third party votes and allocation of seats. Curtice (2010, pp. 626-629) utilises data compiled by Rallings and Thrasher (2007) and shows that although until 1974 share of third party votes in General elections was compatible with predictions of Duvergers Law, since then it has gone up from an average of less than 10% in previous years to an all-time high 34.9% of the vote . Moreover, the number of seats won by third parties in general elections has also increased from less than a dozen before 1974 to almost 90 in 2010 (BBC News, 2010; Rallings et al., 2007). It is fair to consider that this outcome is still compatible with Duvergers Law in that their share of seats are far less than their share of votes. However, this discrimination against third parties depends on geographical concentration of their voters (Curtice, 2010, p. 629; Jenkins Commission, 1998, 3.30). A similar share of votes in 1983 only awarded them 27 seats. This change is l ikely to make a hung parliament more possible. Secondly, FPTP should award more seats to the winning party than its lead in the polls. If cube law is to operate, a 1% swing to the winning party should result in as much as 3% of seats changing hands between the winning and second parties (Duverger, 1963, p. 322). This exaggerated effect that gives an easy majority in the House of Commons to the party in government is shown to be dependent on the number of marginal seats (Curtice, 2010, pp. 629-631; Curtice Steed, 1986, pp. 209-213). Ever since 1974 general election, the number of marginal seats that have changed hands between Labour and the Conservatives has come down from over 27% to 15% at the last general election, due to a trend towards geographical concentration of the Conservative and Labour support (Curtice Steed, 1986, pp. 209-228). Another factor that skews this further is to do with the last foundation described above; that the cube law operates without bias towards any parties. Curtice (2010, pp. 633-635) demonstrates that FPTP has been treating Labour more favourably when awarding exaggerated majorities in the recent years. This bias towards Labour adds to an already reduced number of marginal seats to fail FPTP in its main goal of providing two main alternatives to the electorate. Whether there is need for reforming the electoral system for the General elections in the UK, this reform may well happen or its chances become limited based on political calculations of the party/parties in power. Under the then Labour government, The Independent Commission on the Voting System (Jenkins Commission) was setup in 1997 with a remit to find an alternative electoral system to conform to a list of requirements that are broadly based on an extension of FPTP. These requirements were (i) broad proportionality; (ii) the need for stable government; (iii) an extension of voter choice; and (iv) the maintenance of a link between MPs and geographical constituencies (Jenkins Commission, 1998, 1.1). Comparing these requirements to the foundations of FPTP discussed above and as the requirements were not absolute one could argue that the need for a majority government would demand an exaggerated number of seats allocated to the winning party, something FPTP is already trying to ach ieve, and still be considered broadly proportional (Jenkins Commission, 1998, 9.18). The Jenkins Commission therefore proposed Alternative Vote (AV), another plurality voting system, plus a number of top-up seats to make it more proportional. Since AV is the best option put forward and has already been rejected by the electorate, it is hard to imagine that an electoral reform based on AV could happen anytime in the short- or medium-term. The reasons that hinder the change to the electoral system are not as numerous as they used to be over most of the twentieth century. FPTP does not provide the full extent of the exaggerative qualities it once did. Although, all major parties have mentioned reform of one kind or another in their latest manifestos (2010 Party Manifestos, 2010), the level of acceptance for reform amongst political parties also depends on whether they are in government or in opposition. Political parties in opposition tend to favour electoral reform, but when a party comes to power under FPTP, they are less likely to adopt changes (Sberg Shugart, 2008, p. 47). They appreciate the advantages, namely a strong mandate and one-party majority government that are less likely to exist if a more proportionally representative electoral system were to be adopted (Dunt Stevenson, 2013). In addition to this, there are also conflicting arguments as to who is the beneficiary of reform. There is no doubt that all thi rd parties will gain more seats under any electoral system that is more proportionally representative than FPTP. The question is which large party is going to lose. The majority of literature claims that if nothing changes apart from the voting system, e.g. number of MPs, constituency boundaries, etc., the Conservatives are going to lose the most seats (Blau, 2008, pp. 864-866; Payne Quilty-Harper, 2011). This can partly be eliminated by redrawing boundaries and reducing the number of MPs both proposed by the coalition government but they are unlikely to have an enormous effect in addressing the discrimination towards the Conservatives (Curtice, 2010, p. 637). Besides, this same dependence of an exaggerated majority in parliament to such a small swing in votes brings government public policy to the ideological centre and encourages legislation by consensus based on logical explanations by Chandler and Downs (cited in Curtice Steed, 1986, p. 211). This affects public satisfaction with the government in a positive way, since every party favours staying in power as long as possible. Because of this, public support for reform of the voting system is unlikely to be substantial. However, apart from pressure groups and minority parties who mainly favour proportional representation there are several reasons why larger governing parties mainly the Conservatives and Labour may favour electoral system reform. The most important and often forgotten reason being their attempt to defend their share of vote by adopting a more proportional system to prevent losing out to growing support of the third parties (Dunleavy Margetts, 2005, pp. 854-855). Moreover, Blau (2008, pp. 61-63) considers three other reasons for a change from within: proposing a popular reform and gaining votes as a result; as a concession to a coalition partner ; and the prospect of more votes and seats owing to an electoral reform . Blau (2008, p. 63) emphasises that the first reason is the most likely way for a reform process to start, but it also needs to be self-promoting to the party to gain traction. This could be one of the reasons why electoral reform did not happen in the current govern ment after the 2010 General elections, as Dunleavy and Margetts (2005, pp. 864-866) show the Conservatives are the least likely to gain any seats from a move to a more proportional electoral system. In considering reasons for this change, there are many other arguments that could not be expanded in this short essay. Such arguments include among many, under-representation of women and ethnic minorities due to the great emphasis on party affiliation; a great number of MPs being elected by plurality rather than majority of votes, prevalence of safe-seats limiting the choice for some voters, and as a result producing lower turnouts, and also no choice in electing a government and local representatives separately (Curtice, 2010; Dunleavy Margetts, 2005; Jenkins Commission, 1998, 3,4b). In addition, one should also consider the historic context where electoral system reform has been considered. As already mentioned in the beginning of this essay, many debates were held in the parliament in the latter half of the nineteenth century, for and against adoption of proportional representation in which FPTP has always been the outcome (Ahmed, 2010, pp. 1069-1074). This continuation of reform initiatives shows that there is a prospect of change only if it comes in the right time. This author believes that such reform is highly unlikely to take place in the short-term due to the recent AV referendum. It is also unlikely in the medium-term, as no other alternatives to AV have been proposed and large parties have little incentive to implement changes. However, this situation can only improve in the long-term. Change to proportional representation has been discussed for almost 150 years and is most likely to happen when favourable conditions exist. In conclusion, change seems possible if not likely, considering that we extrapolate current voting trends into the future (Blau, 2008, pp. 85-87). Most literature discussed above is of the belief that change will happen if third parties continue winning more seats and pose a threat to the duopoly (Ahmed, 2010; Curtice, 2010, 2012; Dunleavy, 2013; Dunleavy Margetts, 2004). It may result in a swap between the Liberal Democrats and one of the two largest parties, as happened in first half of the twentieth century. On the other hand, the prospect of a hung parliament in itself is not enough to make this change take place. Interests of large parties and MPs should also be aligned with it.

Parker Pen Company Essay

Background George Safford Parker founded Parker Pen Company in 1892 in Janesville, Wisconsin. It began with the production of his first fountain pen. Afterwards in 1894, Parker had its first major innovation; â€Å"the lucky curve† which consisted on reducing the leak caused in fountain pens. Parker’s first marketing approach was to produce high quality pens and make them become status symbols; Parker pens were signer’s favorite, giving the company the first or second position globally. The company obtained this successful position due to investigations and development by constantly innovating for the production of new products; for instance with the creation of Quink â€Å"quick drying ink, they produced the Parker 51; which became a bestseller and was catalogued as â€Å"the most perfect pen ever produced†. It gave the company $400 million within 30 years. By the end of 1980 the parker pens were sold in over 150 countries. In 1987 the company’s headquarters was moved to Newhaven, East Sussex, England. Then in 1993 Parker was aquired by Gillette Company, which already owned the PaperMate brand. Then in 2000 Gillette sold the company to Newell Rubbermaid, and became the largest in the world owning writing products with brand names such as, Sharpie, Parker, PaperMate, Waterman and Liquid Paper, among others. People involved George Parker the founder James R. Peterson the president and CEO of Parker Pen: Peterson has to deal with the compay’s problems, for instance instead of having over 40 publishing firms he hired one that could do the job of all. Jack Marks the head of writing instruments advertising Richard Swart the marketing vice president: Before entering Pen Parker, he worked for 3M Carlos Del Nero is Parker’s manager of global marketing planning. Business involved Pen Parker Company Gillette Company Newell Rubbermaid The U.K. subsidiary Ogilvy & Mather: Main problem Parker Pen Company faced some difficult years where they were not obtaining as much revenues as expected. Therefore the company hired a new board of marketing directors seeking the implementation of new strategies for the company. The new board, which consisted of highly qualified people, began their campaign by standardizing the products in a centralized system. This centralized system consists of abolishing plurality in the decision-making. The new system they adopted which was a world wide strategy caused the company more than $20 million in looses. Marketers didn’t investigate therefore gave the company a negative image in the market. Solution Due to the fact that the company was having some issues that was preventing the company to rise up, in 1985 the CEO was fired, moving the company’s new system to a decentralized one. The company is now able to adapt to changes, it is able to adapt to the numerous cultural barriers existing around the world, creating different marketing plans for each nation; with this, Parker regain their image in order to be able to position themselves in the market. Questions 1.The globalization process in the Parker pen company was a failure until major structural changes were implemented by James R. Peterson. Before this  change the company had misdirected its efforts to globalize its operations, many key maneuvers were ignored and this led to a close to bankruptcy status which was never in the company’s plans. Basic rules of globalization for any company state that an extensive research of the potential market has to be done, and very thoroughly. investigating the market conditions in not enough, political, legal, social and cultural aspect have to be at the top of the list to ensure that the strategies will b effective and that consumers will respond positively to the strategies implemented. This was one of the things that Parker pens failed to do, they just relied on a weak currency that allowed foreign markets to purchase American-made products, this would only last until the U.S. dollar lost its acquisitive value. Another reason why their globalization process failed was because they broke another fundamental rule, they didn’t centralize their operation and gave creative and operational autonomy to all of their branches. This caused a great loss of corporate identity and became a big problem at the most critical time since a different solution was to be presented for each one of the subsidiaries. 2.The problem that Parker pen had in its globalization process was spawned form miscalculations or lack of vision in very key areas. The first thing which globalization promoters at the Parker Company underestimated was the strength and impact of the changing market. They never considered that economic and political conditions would vary in such a way that their overseas operations would collapse in such a way. They relied on a very strong dollar which made it easy for foreign costumers to purchase their products, making this their most important income source. By overlooking this important event they drove themselves into an awkward position where they had low sales internally and over autonomous subsidiaries with a large stock and no market share at all. The other factor that they failed to consider seriously before engaging in such a risky entrepreneurship was the fact that they were living in a time when Chinese massive production was starting to flood the markets with cheaper and more convenient products, at a point where people demanded  cheaper product due to a volatile economy and political situation. Their product line depth and width were very impressive with over 400 different product, they had a solid portfolio but nothing to compete directly with the mass produced pens coming from China. They relied on their traditional products and their traditional distribution channels, in which they were losing their entire market share as well. 3.The Parker pen company is one on thousands of examples that can be quoted as being merged with a bigger company; this is an inherent condition of globalization as an economic phenomenon. Like everything else that is involved in globalization, this specific case of being acquired by a bigger company has its upside and its downside. For a company like parker that had a considerably large operation worldwide, the negative things are lesser important than the positive things. The main negative factors that this could have are for example a possible loss of the company ´s know how. By having to accommodate to another company’s rules and methods, Parker could have lost its own knowledge of the business, this is a very valuable commodity in the world today and it’s hard to maintain it when a company has to become an active part of another one. Uniting Parker pens to Gillette and Rubbermaid could also trigger a dangerous situation amongst the employees, changing cities and managers has a very large impact of the moral of the employees since they begin to lose their company identity which is another valuable commodity that companies cannot afford to lose since it is one of the main incentives that the workers have. Identity inside the company is just as important as identity outside it, if a merger like this means that there will be changes implemented in the company ´s image it could trigger a loss of costumers or even a major shift in the place that the company has in terms of â€Å"top of mind†. The benefits that this situation could bring upon a company are several and of great importance. In the case of Parker pens, a company with a very important level of recognition worldwide, joining a larger enterprise would imply broadening its market share globally, by having better, bigger and more distribution channels, allowing them to reach new costumers which is a very difficult thing to do in the world today. A big name behind a brand  means more resources, this in turn means more research for product development, more advertisement, more promotional strategies, better market research with a finer degree of segmentation and every other activity that would help a company to better it ´s self. Another very important thing is the support that Parker pens would have by being part of the Rubbermaid holding, this makes it easier to innovate and take risks, it also transmits a sense of safety to the costumer, they know that being part of the world ´s leader in writing instrument s does not come easy, so trusting Parker pens is something they can and should do.

Lobbying Essay

Lobbying is a pathway of action, a way for citizens to influence government, that is essential for to be able to use, but is dangerous when lobbyists push for ideas that are from a minority instead of the majority. Lobbyists are those who attempt to persuade or influence the opinion of the actions of government through sharing information, persuasion, and political pressure via telephone, email, letters, and voicing your opinions directly to your representatives (Congressmen, city council members, senators). Lobbyists also lobby through offering financial aid for their re-election. Lobbyists lobby their representatives usually because they have a closer connection with and were elected by them and other members of their community. Social lobbying is creating a relationship with your representatives through inviting them dinners and trips in order to discuss issues that they are passionate about. Reasons for lobby are usually Lobbying is beneficial to bringing change faster than the other pathways of action, for lobbyists are directly influencing their representatives. Lobbyists benefit government through giving public opinion to issues and through upholding the desires of the people Federal and State Government officials do no just come up with ideas for laws on the spot by themselves; they obtain ideas for laws through the ideas and concerns of the people in order to keep them happy, for the main goal of any political official is re-election. It is required to register as a lobbyist in Texas after 5 days of lobbying and that has contacted any legislature for the purpose of persuasion along with receiving $1000 in compensation or $500 quad-annually. Lobbying benefits government because it is a pathway of action that the citizens of the country can take for the purpose of influencing government, but it can also corrupt government through lobbying the interests of minorities instead of the majority. The creation of the relationships through social lobbying can put a leash on legislatures, and cause these legislatures to be act on the will of the min ority group.